![]() Accounting for these errors by developing a revised FRAP protocol eliminates most of the previous discrepancies in the binding estimates for the three different transcription factors analyzed here. The two principal errors are a neglect of diffusion's role and an oversimplified approximation of the photobleach profile. We show here that these discrepancies are not due to fundamental differences among the site-specific transcription factors, but rather arise from errors in FRAP modeling. These analyses have yielded significantly different estimates of both the binding rates and the number of predicted binding states of the respective transcription factors. The in vivo binding interactions of several different transcription factors with chromatin have been investigated recently using quantitative fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). ![]() How site-specific transcription factors scan the genome to locate their target sites is a fundamental question in gene regulation.
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